4 Postinstallation Tasks

This chapter describes how to complete postinstallation tasks after you have installed the software. It includes information about the following sections:

Required Postinstallation Tasks
Recommended Postinstallation Tasks
Required Product-Specific Postinstallation Tasks

You must perform the tasks listed in the "Required Postinstallation Tasks" section. Oracle recommends that you perform the tasks listed in the "Recommended Postinstallation Tasks" section after all installations.

If you installed and intend to use any of the products listed in the "Required Product-Specific Postinstallation Tasks" section, then you must perform the tasks listed in the product-specific subsections.

Note:

This chapter describes basic configuration only. Refer to Oracle Database Administrator's Reference for Linux and UNIX and product-specific administration and tuning guides for more detailed configuration and tuning information.

4.1 Required Postinstallation Tasks

You must perform the tasks described in the following sections after completing an installation:

Downloading and Installing Patches
Updating Instant Client
Connecting with Instant Client

4.1.1 Downloading and Installing Patches

Check the OracleMetaLink Web site for required patches for the installation.

Note:

You cannot update Instant Client by downloading a patch. Use the procedure under "Updating Instant Client" to update Instant Client.

To download required patches:

Use a Web browser to view the OracleMetaLink Web site:
```
https://metalink.oracle.com
```
Log in to OracleMetaLink.

Note:
If you are not an OracleMetaLink registered user, click Register for MetaLink! and follow the registration instructions.
On the main OracleMetaLink page, click Patches.
Select Simple Search.
Specify the following information, then click Go:
- In the Search By field, choose Product or Family, then specify RDBMS Server.
- In the Release field, specify the current release number.
- In the Patch Type field, specify Patchset/Minipack.
- In the Platform or Language field, select the platform.

4.1.2 Updating Instant Client

To update Instant Client:

Download Instant Client from Oracle Technology Network http://www.oracle.com/technology/index.html.
If you want to place the files in the existing directory, then ensure that the directory is empty.

If you want to place the files into a different directory (and remove the previous files), ensure that you update the PATH environment variable setting to reflect the new location.

Caution:

A restriction on using Instant Client or Instant Client Light is that you cannot perform patch upgrades on it using the opatch utility. The reason is that the Instant Client installation does not create an inventory, which the patch upgrade process needs in order to perform. The absence of an inventory also means that installed intern patch reporting and conflict detection before a patch attempt are not possible.

4.1.3 Connecting with Instant Client

If you installed the Instant Client installation type, you can configure users' environments to enable dynamically linked client applications to connect to a database as follows:

Set the appropriate shared library path environment variable for the platform to specify the directory that contains the Instant Client libraries. For the Instant Client installation type, this directory is the Oracle home directory that you specified during the installation, for example:
```
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/client_1
```
Use one of the following methods to specify database connection information for the client application:
- Specify a SQL connect URL string using the following format:
```
//host:port/service_name
```
- Set the TNS_ADMIN environment variable to specify the location of the tnsnames.ora file and specify a service name from that file.
- Set the TNS_ADMIN environment variable and set the TWO_TASK environment variable to specify a service name from the tnsnames.ora file.

Note:

You do not have to specify the ORACLE_HOME environment variable.

4.2 Recommended Postinstallation Tasks

Oracle recommends that you perform the tasks described in the following section after completing an installation:

Configuring Instant Client Light
Creating a Backup of the root.sh Script
Connecting Instant Client or Instant Client Light to an Oracle Database
Setting Up User Accounts
Setting the NLS_LANG Environment Variable
Generating the Client Static Library

4.2.1 Configuring Instant Client Light

When you install Instant Client, the Instant Client libraries are installed under the ORACLE_HOME directory and the Instant Client Light specific library is installed under the ORACLE_HOME/light directory. To configure Instant Client Light, you must replace the ORACLE_HOME/libociei.so file with the ORACLE_HOME/light/libociicus.so file.

After replacing the library file, you must set the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable to point to the location of the Instant Client shared library files.

4.2.2 Creating a Backup of the root.sh Script

Oracle recommends that you back up the root.sh script after you complete an installation. If you install other products in the same Oracle home directory, then Oracle Universal Installer updates the contents of the existing root.sh script during the installation. If you require information contained in the original root.sh script, then you can recover it from the backed up root.sh file.

4.2.3 Connecting Instant Client or Instant Client Light to an Oracle Database

Before you can connect Instant Client (including Instant Client Light) to an Oracle database, make sure that the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable specifies the directory that contains the Instant Client libraries. This directory is the ORACLE_HOME directory that you specified during installation.

For example, the shared libraries for Instant Client or Instant Client Light (if you have configured Instant Client Light), are in:

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/client_1

After you have checked the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable, you can use any of the following methods to specify Oracle Database connection information for client applications:

Specifying a Connection by Using the Easy Connect Naming Method
Specifying a Connection by Configuring a tnsnames.ora File
Specifying a Connection by Using an Empty Connect String and the TWO_TASK Environment Variable

4.2.3.1 Specifying a Connection by Using the Easy Connect Naming Method

You can specify a connection address to an Oracle Database directly from a client application, without having to configure a tnsnames setting for the Instant Client. This method is convenient in that you do not have to create and manage a tnsnames.ora file. However, the application users will need to specify the host name and port number when they want to log in to the application.

For example, suppose you are running SQL*Plus on the client computer and want to connect to the sales_us database, which is located on a server whose host name is shobeen and port number is 1521, then you can log in as follows:

Enter user-name: system@admin@//shobeen:1521/sales_us

Similarly, in the application code, you can use Oracle Call Interface net naming methods to create the Instant Client-to-Oracle Database connection. For example, the following formats in the OCIServerAttach() call specify the connection information:

Specify a SQL connect URL string using the following format:
```
//host[:port][/service_name]
```
For example:
```
//shobeen:1521/sales_us
```
Alternatively, you can specify the SQL connect information as an Oracle Net keyword-value pair. For example:
```
"(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp) (HOST=shobeen) (PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=sales_us)))"
```
See Also:
Oracle Call Interface Programmer's Guide for more information on using Oracle Call Interface Instant Client

4.2.3.2 Specifying a Connection by Configuring a tnsnames.ora File

By default, when you install Instant Client, Oracle Universal Installer does not include a sample tnsnames.ora file nor the Oracle Net Configuration Assistant utility normally used to create it. However, if you want to shield users from having to specify actual host names and port numbers, you may want to consider using a tnsnames.ora file to set the Client-to-Oracle Database connection.

You can create the tnsnames.ora file manually by copying and modifying a version of this file from another Oracle installation, or you can use Oracle Net Configuration Assistant to create and manage it for you.

To install Oracle Net Configuration Assistant:

Run Oracle Universal Installer.
Select the Custom installation type.
In the Summary screen, click Install, then click Exit and Yes to exit Oracle Universal Installer.

On each client computer, configure either of the following settings:

Set the TNS_ADMIN environment variable to specify the location of the tnsnames.ora file and specify a service name from that file.
Place the tnsnames.ora file in the $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin directory, and make sure that the ORACLE_HOME environment has been set to this Oracle home.

See Also:
Oracle Call Interface Programmer's Guide for more information on Oracle Call Interface Instant Client connection strings

4.2.3.3 Specifying a Connection by Using an Empty Connect String and the TWO_TASK Environment Variable

You can set the connect string to an empty connect string (""), and then set the TWO_TASK environment variable to one of the following values:

A direct address, as described under "Specifying a Connection by Using the Easy Connect Naming Method"
Oracle Net keyword-value pair
A tnsnames.ora entry and TNS_ADMIN is set to the location of tnsnames.ora
A tnsnames.ora entry and the following:
- tnsnames.ora file located in $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
- The ORACLE_HOME environment variable set to this Oracle home

This method allows the applications to specify internally a connection string if the application code itself uses an empty connection string. The benefit of an empty connect string is that the application itself does not need to specify the tnsnames.ora entry. Instead, when a user invokes the application, the location of the database is determined by a script or the environment, depending on where you have set the TWO_TASK environment variable. The disadvantage of using empty strings is that you need to configure this additional information in order for the application to connect to the database.

4.2.4 Setting Up User Accounts

For information about setting up additional user accounts, refer to Oracle Database Administrator's Reference for Linux and UNIX.

4.2.5 Setting the NLS_LANG Environment Variable

NLS_LANG is an environment variable that specifies the locale behavior for Oracle software. This variable sets the language and territory used by the client application and the database server. It also declares the character set for the client, which is the character set for data entered or displayed by an Oracle client program, such as SQL*Plus.

4.2.6 Generating the Client Static Library

The client static library (libclntst11.a) is not generated during installation. If you want to link the applications to the client static library, you must first generate it as follows:

Switch user to oracle.
Set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to specify the Oracle home directory used by the Oracle Client installation. For example:
- Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:
```
$ ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/client_1 
$ export ORACLE_HOME
```
- C shell:
```
% setenv ORACLE_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/client_1
```
Enter the following command:
```
$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/genclntst
```

4.3 Required Product-Specific Postinstallation Tasks

The following sections describe platform-specific postinstallation tasks that you must perform if you install and intend to use the products mentioned:

Configuring Oracle Net Services
Configuring Oracle Precompilers

4.3.1 Configuring Oracle Net Services

If you have a previous release of Oracle software installed on this system, you might want to copy information from the Oracle Net tnsnames.ora configuration file from the previous release to the corresponding file for the new release.

Note:

The default location for the tnsnames.ora file is the $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/ directory. However, you can also use a central location for this file.

If necessary, you can also add connection information for additional database instances to the new file.

4.3.2 Configuring Oracle Precompilers

This section describes post-installation tasks for Oracle precompilers.

Note:

All precompiler configuration files are located in the $ORACLE_HOME/precomp/admin directory.

4.3.2.1 Configuring Pro*C/C++

Verify that the PATH environment variable setting includes the directory that contains the C compiler executable.

Table 4-1 shows the default directories and the appropriate command to verify the path setting of the compiler.

Table 4-1 C/C++ Compiler Directory

Path	Command
`/usr/bin`	`$ which gcc`
`/opt/intel_cce_80/bin/icc`	`$ which icc`

4.3.2.2 Configuring Pro*FORTRAN

Verify that the PATH environment variable setting includes the directory that contains the FORTRAN compiler executable. You can verify the path setting by using the which xlf command.

4.4 Post-installation tasks for SQL Developer

This section describes tasks that you need to complete after you install the software:

Migrating User Settings from Release 1.0
Migrating Information from Previous Releases
Location of User-Related Information

4.4.1 Migrating User Settings from Release 1.0

The first time you start SQL Developer after installing it or after adding any extensions, you are asked if you want to migrate your user settings from a previous release. (This occurs regardless of whether there was a previous release on your system.)

Note:

Migration of user settings is supported only from SQL Developer Release 1.0 to Release 1.1. It is not supported for migration from a pre-release version of 1.1 to Release 1.1.

These settings refer to database connections, reports, and certain SQL Developer user preferences that you set in a previous version by clicking Tools and then Preferences. However, some user preferences are not saved, and you must re-specify these using the new release.

To migrate user settings from SQL Developer Release 1.0:

Unzip the Release 1.1 kit into an empty directory (folder). Do not delete or overwrite the directory into which you unzipped the Release 1.0 kit.
When you start SQL Developer Release 1.1, click Yes when asked if you want to migrate settings from a previous release.
In the dialog box that is displayed, do not accept the default location for the settings. Instead, specify the location of your Release 1.0 settings, which might be a folder whose path ends with sqldeveloper\jdev\system.

Refer to "Migrating Information from Previous Releases" for further information.

4.4.2 Migrating Information from Previous Releases

If you have used a previous release of SQL Developer or a pre-release version of the current release, you may want to preserve database connections that you have been using. To preserve database connections, save your existing database connections in an XML file. To save the connections, right-click the Connections node in the Connections Navigator and select Export Connections. After you complete the installation described in this guide, you can use those connections by right-clicking the Connections node in the Connections Navigator and selecting Import Connections

If you want to use any user-defined reports or the SQL history from a previous version, see "Location of User-Related Information" for information about where these are located. If you want to use any user-defined reports or the SQL history from Release 1.0 with both Releases 1.0 and 1.1, you must save them before using Release 1.1, because Release 1.1 modifies the files to a format that is incompatible with Release 1.0.

SQL Developer preferences (specified by clicking Tools and then Preferences) from a pre-release version of the current release cannot currently be saved and reused; you must re-specify any desired preferences.

4.4.3 Location of User-Related Information

SQL Developer stores user-related information in several places, with the specific location depending on the operating system and certain environment specifications. User-related information includes user-defined reports, user-defined snippets, SQL Worksheet history, and SQL Developer user preferences.

The user-related information is stored outside the SQL Developer installation directory hierarchy, so that it is preserved if you delete that directory and install a new version. This information is stored in or under the SQLDEVELOPER_USER_DIR location, if defined; otherwise as indicated in the following table

The table shows the typical default locations (under a directory or in a file) for specific types of resources on different operating systems. (Note the period in the name of any directory or folder named .sqldeveloper.)

Table 4-2 Default Locations for User-Related Information

Resource Type	Linux
User-defined reports	~/.sqldeveloper/UserReports.xml
User-defined snippets	~/.sqldeveloper/UserSnippets.xml
SQL history	~/.sqldeveloper/system/
SQL Worksheet archive files	~/.sqldeveloper/tmp/
SQL Developer user preferences	~/.sqldeveloper/system/

To specify a nondefault SQLDEVELOPER_USER_DIR location, do either of the following:

Set the SQLDEVELOPER_USER_DIR environment variable to specify another directory path.
Edit the sqldeveloper_install/sqldeveloper/sqldeveloper/bin/sqldeveloper.conf file and substitute the desired directory path for SQLDEVELOPER_USER_DIR in the following line:
```
SetUserHomeVariable SQLDEVELOPER_USER_DIR
```

If you want to prevent other users from accessing your user-specific SQL Developer information, you must ensure that the appropriate permissions are set on the directory where that information is stored or on a directory preceding it in the path hierarchy. For example, you may want to ensure that the ~/.sqldeveloper directory is not world-readable.